Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU vs NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop)
Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU ► remove from comparison
The Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU is a self-designed graphics card in the Apple M3 Pro (with 11 CPU cores) and offers fourteen of the eighteen cores available on the chip. The graphics card uses a new architecture and now offers dynamic caching, mesh shading and ray tracing acceleration.
The GPU can access up to 24 GB LPDDR5-6400 unified memory via a 192-bit memory bus (max 150 GBit/s). Thanks to dynamic caching, the GPU only reserves as much memory as is required.
The entire chip is manufactured in the current 3nm process (probably N3B) at TSMC.
NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) ► remove from comparison
The Nvidia Quadro RTX 4000 for laptops is a professional high-end graphics card for big and powerful laptops and mobile workstations. It is based on the same TU104 chip as the consumer GeForce RTX 2080 (mobile) but offers less shaders (2,560) and is therefore positioned between the GeForce RTX 2080 (2,944) and 2070 (2,304). Compared to the desktop RTX 4000, the mobile variant offers lower clock speeds.
The Quadro GPUs offer certified drivers , which are optimized for stability and performance in professional applications (CAD, DCC, medical, prospection, and visualizing applications). The performance in these areas is therefore much better compared to corresponding consumer GPUs.
NVIDIA manufacturers the TU104 chip on a 12 nm FinFET process and includes features like Deep Learning Super Sampling (DLSS) and Real-Time Ray Tracing (RTRT), which should combine to create more realistic lighting effects than older GPUs based on the company's Pascal architecture (if the games support it). The Quadro RTX 5000 is also DisplayPort 1.4 ready, while there is also support for HDMI 2.0b, HDR, Simultaneous Multi-Projection (SMP) and H.265 video en/decoding (PlayReady 3.0).
Performance
For professional applications, the Quadro RTX 4000 should slot right in between the RTX 5000 and RTX 3000 cards. In games, the RTX 4000 is between the RTX 2080 and 2070. This means the GPU is located in the high end tier for all applications.
The high power consumption of the RTX4000 makes the card most suited for big and heavy laptops. The slower Max-Q variant is intended for thinner laptops.
Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) Quadro Turing Series Pipelines 14 - unified 2560 - unified Memory Type LPDDR5-6400 GDDR6 Shared Memory no no technology 5 nm 12 nm Notebook Size medium sized large Date of Announcement 31.10.2023 27.05.2019 Codename N19E-Q3 Architecture Turing Core Speed 1110 - 1560 (Boost) MHz Memory Speed 14000 MHz Memory Bus Width 256 Bit Max. Amount of Memory 8 GB API DirectX 12_1, OpenGL 4.6 Power Consumption 110 Watt Transistors 10.8 Billion Features DLSS, Raytraycing, VR Ready, G-SYNC, Vulkan, Multi Monitor
CPU in M3 Pro 14-Core GPU GPU Base Speed GPU Boost / Turbo Apple M3 Pro 11-Core 11 x 2748 MHz, 27 W ? MHz ? MHz
Benchmarks 3DMark - 3DMark Time Spy Score
min: 6823 avg: 7362 median: 7362 (21%) max: 7901 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 86% 100%
3DMark - 3DMark Time Spy Graphics
min: 6851 avg: 7284 median: 7284 (19%) max: 7717 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 89% 100%
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Unlimited Graphics
445161 Points (50%)
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Score
38830 Points (42%)
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Graphics
119052 Points (31%)
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Score
min: 15912 avg: 16903 median: 16903 (30%) max: 17894 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 89% 100%
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Graphics
min: 17619 avg: 18849 median: 18849 (21%) max: 20079 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 88% 100%
3DMark - 3DMark Wild Life Extreme Unlimited
12094 Points (14%)
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance Score
min: 19880 avg: 21595 median: 21595 (30%) max: 23310 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 85% 100%
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance GPU
min: 23739 avg: 25371 median: 25370.5 (22%) max: 27002 Points
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 88% 100%
3DMark Vantage 3DM Vant. Perf. total + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) 3DMark Vantage - 3DM Vant. Perf. total
56250 Points (16%)
3DM Vant. Perf. GPU no PhysX + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) 3DMark Vantage - 3DM Vant. Perf. GPU no PhysX
62557 Points (35%)
Unigine Valley 1.0 - Unigine Valley 1.0 DX
89.9 fps (29%)
Blender - Blender 3.3 Classroom METAL *
73 Seconds (8%)
SPECviewperf 12 specvp12 sw-03 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 sw-03
149.1 fps (37%)
specvp12 snx-02 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 snx-02
186 fps (27%)
specvp12 showcase-01 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 showcase-01
98 fps (21%)
specvp12 mediacal-01 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 mediacal-01
62.4 fps (16%)
specvp12 maya-04 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 maya-04
144.1 fps (39%)
specvp12 energy-01 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 energy-01
13.9 fps (12%)
specvp12 creo-01 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 creo-01
140.7 fps (56%)
specvp12 catia-04 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 catia-04
161.9 fps (27%)
SPECviewperf 13 specvp13 sw-04 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 sw-04
min: 125.4 avg: 152.2 median: 152.2 (41%) max: 178.9 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 70% 100%
specvp13 snx-03 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 snx-03
min: 271.1 avg: 314.1 median: 314.1 (35%) max: 357.1 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 76% 100%
specvp13 showcase-02 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 showcase-02
min: 94 avg: 97.2 median: 97.2 (21%) max: 100.3 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 94% 100%
specvp13 medical-02 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 medical-02
min: 73.2 avg: 87.9 median: 87.9 (18%) max: 102.5 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 71% 100%
specvp13 maya-05 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 maya-05
min: 207.9 avg: 247 median: 247 (28%) max: 286.1 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 73% 100%
specvp13 energy-02 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 energy-02
min: 36.03 avg: 40.5 median: 40.5 (13%) max: 45.02 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 80% 100%
specvp13 creo-02 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 creo-02
min: 208 avg: 239 median: 239 (35%) max: 269.9 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 77% 100%
specvp13 catia-05 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 catia-05
min: 212.6 avg: 245 median: 245 (27%) max: 277.3 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 77% 100%
specvp13 3dsmax-06 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) SPECviewperf 13 - specvp13 3dsmax-06
min: 173 avg: 178.7 median: 178.7 (31%) max: 184.3 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 110 W 94% 100%
Cinebench R10 Cinebench R10 Shading (32bit) + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) Cinebench R10 - Cinebench R10 Shading (32bit)
6824 Points (5%)
Cinebench R11.5 Cinebench R11.5 OpenGL 64 Bit + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) Cinebench R11.5 - Cinebench R11.5 OpenGL 64 Bit
127.6 fps (44%)
Cinebench R15 Cinebench R15 OpenGL 64 Bit + Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 OpenGL 64 Bit
129.9 fps (8%)
Cinebench R15 OpenGL 64 Bit + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop)
min: 197 avg: 215.5 median: 215.5 (13%) max: 234 fps
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W TDP 110 W 84% 55% 100%
Cinebench R15 OpenGL Ref. Match 64 Bit + Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 OpenGL Ref. Match 64 Bit
99.5 % (100%)
Cinebench R15 OpenGL Ref. Match 64 Bit + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop)
min: 99.6 avg: 99.8 median: 99.8 (100%) max: 100 %
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W TDP 110 W 100% 100% 100%
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 4K Aztec Ruins High Tier Offscreen
79 fps (32%)
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 Aztec Ruins High Tier Offscreen
178.7 fps (32%)
GFXBench - GFXBench 5.0 Aztec Ruins Normal Tier Offscreen
481.9 fps (36%)
GFXBench - GFXBench Car Chase Offscreen
376.3 fps (42%)
305.3 fps (34%)
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W 81% 100%
GFXBench 3.1 - GFXBench Manhattan ES 3.1 Offscreen
565 fps (12%)
440.5 fps (9%)
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W 78% 100%
GFXBench 3.0 - GFXBench 3.0 Manhattan Offscreen
818 fps (48%)
490.4 fps (29%)
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W 60% 100%
GFXBench (DX / GLBenchmark) 2.7 GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16 + Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU GFXBench (DX / GLBenchmark) 2.7 - GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16
1299 fps (10%)
GFXBench T-Rex HD Offscreen C24Z16 + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop)
1213 fps (10%)
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W 93% 100%
Geekbench 6.2 - Geekbench 6.2 GPU OpenCL
42798 Points (12%)
Geekbench 6.2 - Geekbench 6.2 GPU Metal
68043 Points (44%)
LuxMark v2.0 64Bit - LuxMark v2.0 Room GPU
2840 Samples/s (13%)
LuxMark v2.0 64Bit - LuxMark v2.0 Sala GPU
5927 Samples/s (10%)
ComputeMark v2.1 - ComputeMark v2.1 Result
13576 Points (15%)
Power Consumption - The Witcher 3 Power Consumption - external Monitor *
32.8 Watt (5%)
Power Consumption - Witcher 3 Power Consumption *
42.8 Watt (9%)
min: 137 avg: 159.5 median: 159.5 (35%) max: 182 Watt
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W TDP 110 W 116% 151% 100%
Power Consumption - Witcher 3 ultra Power Efficiency
0.9 fps per Watt (82%)
min: 0.4341 avg: 0.5 median: 0.5 (43%) max: 0.511 fps per Watt
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W TDP 110 W 56% 100% 48%
Power Consumption - Witcher 3 ultra Power Efficiency - external Monitor
min: 1.189 avg: 1.2 median: 1.2 (99%) max: 1.207 fps per Watt
Emissions Witcher 3 Fan Noise + Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU Emissions - Witcher 3 Fan Noise
25.1 dB(A) (40%)
Witcher 3 Fan Noise + NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop)
min: 39.6 avg: 40.8 median: 40.8 (65%) max: 41.9 dB(A)
GPU TDP ? TDP 24 W TDP 110 W 100% 60% 95%
Average Benchmarks Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU → 100% n=6 Average Benchmarks NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) → 96% n=6
- Range of benchmark values for this graphics card
- Average benchmark values for this graphics card
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
1 This benchmark is not used for the average calculation
Game Benchmarks The following benchmarks stem from our benchmarks of review laptops. The performance depends on the used graphics memory, clock rate, processor, system settings, drivers, and operating systems. So the results don't have to be representative for all laptops with this GPU. For detailed information on the benchmark results, click on the fps number.
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
193 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
125 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
67 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
53 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
35 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
42 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
39 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
283 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
207 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
171 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
121 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
89 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
50 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
75 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
49.5 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
35.9 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
22.5 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
98 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
77.5 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
42.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
37.7 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
22.4 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
180 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
122 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
96 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
70 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
47 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
25 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
267 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
180.7 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
151 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
85.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
63.3 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
118 124 ~ 121 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
102 104 ~ 103 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
99 103 ~ 101 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
88 94 ~ 91 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
72 82 ~ 77 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
39 46 ~ 43 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
150 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
125 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
93 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
86 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
60 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
33 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
143.8 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
119.2 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
105.2 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
69.1 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
34.2 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
116.7 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
100.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
86.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
81 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
65.5 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
41.8 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
95.4 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
93.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
85.8 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
81.1 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
72.9 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
39.4 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
99 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
87 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
75 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
54 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
41 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
28 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
138.6 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
66 fps
159%
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
105.2 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
60 fps
136%
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
81.6 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
53 fps
160%
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
85 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
34 fps
168%
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
57.1 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
29.7 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
241 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
180 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
142 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
95 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
76 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
48 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
129 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
106 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
100 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
96 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
69 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
36 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
119 122 ~ 121 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
107 110 ~ 109 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
88 90.2 ~ 89 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
76.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
139.9 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
98 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
90.8 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
52.9 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
35 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
289 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
148 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
141 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
109 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
45.7 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
199.6 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
127.8 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
104.9 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
45.1 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
146 152 ~ 149 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
135 140 ~ 138 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
130 133 ~ 132 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
124 129 ~ 127 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
100 111 ~ 106 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
303 345 ~ 324 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
215 254 ~ 235 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
132 153 ~ 143 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
39 fps
192%
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
70 79 ~ 75 fps
Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop):
46 56 ~ 51 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
79 fps
100%
M3 Pro 14-Core GPU:
50 fps
Average Gaming Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU → 100% Average Gaming 30-70 fps → 100%
Average Gaming NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) → 163% Average Gaming 30-70 fps → 168%
Apple M3 Pro 14-Core GPU low med. high ultra QHD 4K Total War Pharaoh 193 125 67 53 35 Baldur's Gate 3 42 39 Total War: Three Kingdoms 75 49.5 35.9 22.5 Shadow of the Tomb Raider 66 60 53 34 The Witcher 3 39 GTA V 79 50 < 30 fps < 60 fps < 120 fps ≥ 120 fps 1 2 1 2 3 6 1 2
NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000 (Laptop) low med. high ultra QHD 4K F1 2020 283 207 171 121 89 50 Anno 1800 98 77.5 42.6 37.7 22.4 The Division 2 180 122 96 70 47 25 Dirt Rally 2.0 267 180.7 151 85.6 63.3 Far Cry New Dawn 121 103 101 91 77 43 Just Cause 4 150 125 93 86 60 33 Darksiders III 143.8 119.2 105.2 69.1 34.2 Battlefield V 116.7 100.6 86.6 81 65.5 41.8 Hitman 2 95.4 93.6 85.8 81.1 72.9 39.4 Assassin´s Creed Odyssey 99 87 75 54 41 28 Shadow of the Tomb Raider 138.6 105.2 81.6 85 57.1 29.7 F1 2018 241 180 142 95 76 48 Far Cry 5 129 106 100 96 69 36 X-Plane 11.11 121 109 89 76.6 Ghost Recon Wildlands 139.9 98 90.8 52.9 35 For Honor 289 148 141 109 45.7 Rise of the Tomb Raider 199.6 127.8 104.9 45.1 Dota 2 Reborn 149 138 132 127 106 The Witcher 3 324 235 143 75 51 < 30 fps < 60 fps < 120 fps ≥ 120 fps 3 13 9 10 12 7 3 13 2 4 9 4 12 2
For more games that might be playable and a list of all games and graphics cards visit our Gaming List
v1.28
log 04. 06:11:22
#0 checking url part for id 12032 +0s ... 0s
#1 checking url part for id 9856 +0s ... 0s
#2 redirected to Ajax server, took 1720066282 +0s ... 0s
#3 did not recreate cache, as it is less than 5 days old! Created at Thu, 04 Jul 2024 05:15:44 +0200 +0s ... 0s
#4 composed specs +0.031s ... 0.031s
#5 did output specs +0s ... 0.031s
#6 start showIntegratedCPUs +0s ... 0.031s
#7 getting avg benchmarks for device 12032 +0.01s ... 0.04s
#8 got single benchmarks 12032 +0.003s ... 0.044s
#9 getting avg benchmarks for device 9856 +0s ... 0.044s
#10 got single benchmarks 9856 +0.001s ... 0.045s
#11 got avg benchmarks for devices +0s ... 0.045s
#12 min, max, avg, median took s +0.019s ... 0.065s
#13 before gaming benchmark output +0s ... 0.065s
#14 Got 140 rows for game benchmarks. +0.006s ... 0.071s
#15 composed SQL query for gamebenchmarks +0s ... 0.071s
#16 got data and put it in $dataArray +0.001s ... 0.072s
#17 benchmarks composed for output. +0.008s ... 0.08s
#18 calculated avg scores. +0s ... 0.08s
#19 return log +0.002s ... 0.082s
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Redaktion, 2017-09- 8 (Update: 2023-07- 1)